Cancer in Females

Cancer in Females: Continuously exploring frontiers in females oncology

Rudy Leon De Wilde — 2024-06-26

Cancer in Females: A cutting-edge research platform for multidisciplinary collaboration in women’s health and oncology

Jinghe Lang — 2024-06-26

Study on prognostic factors of low-grade serous ovarian cancer and establishment of nomogram prognostic model

Mingyue Bao — 2024-06-26

Background: Low-grade serous ovarian cancer is a low incidence type of ovarian cancer, and this study aimed to investigate the clinical features and effective treatment strategies that may influence its prognosis. Methods: We retrospectively examined the clinical characteristics of patients with a diagnosis of low-grade plasma ovarian cancer recorded in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 1988-2017. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression proportional risk method were used to assess overall survival (OS). A column-wise model that could predict OS was constructed based on Cox proportional risk. Results: The study found that age, marital status, side, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125), surgery, postoperative residual disease diameter and chemotherapy all significantly affected the prognosis of the disease. Among them, serum CA125, FIGO stage, surgery, postoperative residual disease diameter and chemotherapy were independent factors affecting prognosis. According to the nomogram, FIGO staging and prognosis of low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC) patients were the most significant, followed by surgery and chemotherapy, while age at presentation and chemotherapy had little effect on OS. Conclusion: The better prognosis of LGSOC is associated with surgery, surgical outcomes, chemotherapy, and early-stage patients. However, large sample studies are needed to further clarify whether patients with early serous ovarian cancer are suitable for fertility-sparing surgery, and whether chemotherapy and radiotherapy should be added in patients with advanced ovarian cancer.

Risk factors of recurrence and pregnancy in patients with borderline ovarian tumors: A retrospective study with 16-year follow-up

Qi Lu — 2024-06-26

Background: This study aimed to analyze the risk factors that affect recurrence in patients with borderline ovarian tumors （BOTs） after radical surgery and the risk factors that influence recurrence and pregnancy in patients after fertility-sparing surgery (FSS).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study collected data from clinical records of patients in the Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2005 to November 2021. Clinicopathological and surgical variables were analyzed using univariate analyses and survival curves.

Results: 169 BOT patients were included in this study, with a median age of 45 years and a median follow-up time of 81months. Among these patients, 21 had relapsed. Of the 60 patients who received FSS, 16 attempted to conceive, and 13 successfully conceived spontaneously. In univariate analyses, FIGO stage and invasive implantation were risk factors for recurrence of BOTs. After multivariate analysis, FIGO stage was the only identified risk factor. Tumor site was risk factor for recurrence of BOTs receiving FSS. No risk factors for pregnancy in BOTs receiving FSS were found.

Conclusion: After univariate analysis and multivariate analysis, we identified some risk factors for recurrence after radical surgery or FSS, but they did not affect the overall survival rate and pregnancy rate. Laparoscopy procedures are recommended, and chemotherapy is not recommended for patients receiving FSS. We suggest that patients who preserve fertility should try to conceive as soon as possible and follow up closely.

The relationship between microRNAs and EMT process in cervical cancer

Shuying Wu — 2024-06-26

There is still a high prevalence of cervical cancer (CC) in females. The treatment effect of advanced-stage CC patients is poor and once the tumour transfer to other body organs, the final survival rate decreases dramatically. The epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT) process is a critical factor in the progression and metastasis of CC. EMT allows epithelial cells to acquire mesenchymal characteristics, and enables them to invade surrounding tissues and migrate to distant sites. This transition enhances the aggressiveness and metastatic potential of CC cells, and contributes significantly to disease advancement and spread. Understanding and targeting the mechanisms regulating EMT are crucial for developing effective therapeutic interventions to prevent or inhibit the metastasis of CC. This process was firstly recognized as a special cell differentiation process during organogenesis, in more recent years it has been re-known as a significant component in the progression and metastasis. Multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to act as controllers of different EMT transcription factors like twist, snail, and ZEB1/2 proteins. All these special miRNAs were discussed in detail in this review. In addition, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circRNAs can regulate the miRNA/EMT axis as upstream mediators, and some anti-tumor agents can target the miRNA/EMT axis to affect the metastasis of CC. In summary, this study highlighted a broad range of miRNAs that may play critical roles in the EMT process of CC. Understanding the relationship between miRNAs and EMT could provide valuable insights into developing new and more effective therapeutic strategies to combat CC progression and metastasis. By targeting these miRNAs and their associated pathways involved in the EMT process, it may be possible to develop more targeted and personalized treatments to ameliorate the negative effects of cervical pathogenesis through EMT.

Surgical treatment of localised pelvic lymphocyst infection after radiotherapy for endometrial cancer

Qiucheng Jia — 2024-06-26

Endometrial cancer is mainly treated clinically by surgery, supplemented by postoperative radiotherapy. Pelvic and abdominal lymph node dissection is usually an important part of surgery, and one of the most common postoperative complications is lymph node cysts. Infection of cysts is very rare in clinical practice and can be cured mainly by anti-infection and puncture drainage. However, in this case, the patient was found to have a pelvic abscess due to radiating pain in the left lower limb, and the infection of the local lymphocyst was found to have formed a pelvic abscess, and laparoscopic open drainage was performed after puncture drainage with no improvement in symptoms. The patient recovered after surgery.