The driving logic of digital transformation in TVET

Abstract

In this paper, three levels of external drivers that steer digital transformation processes in the technical and vocational education and training (TVET) sector are examined. They include primary drivers (Industry 4.0, Industry 5.0, and the associated facilitating digital technologies); secondary drivers (the digital economy, digital society [Society 5.0], environmental sustainability, and digital governance); and tertiary drivers (Employment 4.0 and Employment 5.0). The driving logic underpinning digital transformation in the TVET sector exhibits a hierarchical progression whereby primary drivers determine the trajectory of secondary drivers, subsequently catalyzing tertiary drivers to propel the overarching digital transformation of the TVET landscape. This paper makes a valuable contribution to the academic methodologies and frameworks employed by TVET stakeholders by effectively identifying the driving logic behind digital transformation in the TVET sector.